DISEASE: HYPOTHYROIDISM(myxedema) is a hypothyroid state resulting from a hyposecretion of the thyroid hormones T4 and T3, characterized by a decreased rate of body metabolism.
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS: Lethargy and fatigue, weakness, muscle aches, paresthesia, Intolerance to cold, weight gain, dry skin and hair, loss of body hair, bradycardia, anorexia, constipation, generalized puffiness and edema around the eyes and face, forgetfulness and loss of memory, menstrual disturbances, cardiac enlargement, tendency to develop congestive heart failure.
PATIENT TEACHINGS: Instruct the client about thyroid replacement therapy.
TREATMENTS: Monitor VS, including heart rate and rhythm. Administer thyroid replacement; levothyroxine sodium(Synthroid) is most commonly prescribed. Assess the client for constipation; provide roughage and fluids to prevent constipation. Provide a warm environment. Avoid sedatives and narcotics because of increased sensitivity to these medications.
DIETS AND DRUGS: Instruct client in low-calorie, low cholesterol, low saturated fat diet. Levothyroxine(Synthroid), Thyroglobulin(Proloid), Dessicated thyroid, Liothyronine(Cytomel) Thyroid hormone replacements are taken daily in the morning to prevent insomnia.
