HYPERTHYROIDISM

DISEASE: HYPERTHYROIDISM- is a hyperthyroid state resulting from hypersecretion of thyroid hormones(T3 and T4), characterized by an increased rate of body metabolism, common cause is Grave’s disease also known as toxic diffuse goiter, clinical manifestations are referred to as thyrotoxicosis.

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS: Enlarged thyroid gland(goiter), palpitations, cardiac dysrhythmias, such as tachycardia or atrial fibrillation, protruding eyeballs(exophthalmos), hypertension, heat intolerance, diaphoresis, weight loss, diarrhea, smooth, soft skin and hair, pliable nails, nervousness and fine tremors of hands, personality changes, irritability and agitation, mood swings.

PATIENT TEACHINGS: Provide adequate rest. Provide cool and quiet environment. Obtain weight daily. Avoid administration of stimulants.

 TREATMENTS: Administer sedatives as prescribed. Administer antithyroid medications(propylthiouracil(PTU) and methimazole(Tapazole)) that block thyroid synthesis, as prescribed. Administer iodine preparations that inhibit the release of thyroid hormone as prescribed. Administer propranolol(Inderal) for tachycardia as prescribed. Prepare the client for radioactive iodine therapy as prescribed to destroy thyroid cells. Prepare the client for thyroidectomy if prescribed.

DIET: Provide a high-calorie diet.